The Big Sleep (Dir. Howard Hawks, 1946) falls just short
of being film noir, according to Bruce Crowther, "despite such powerful and decidedly noir scenes as that in which the villainous Lash Canino …forces the hapless Harry Jones… to drink poison." 19 The movie was scripted by William Faulkner and Leigh Brackett, and starred the forty-five year old Bogart and his new love, twenty-year-old Lauren Bacall, who played Vivian Sternwood. The scenes between them have been praised by numerous critics as the definition of "screen chemistry," but they also note that Bogart simply plays himself. He reduces Marlowe's "essential wryness" to the "jokey cynicism … used in his portrayal of Sam Spade," writes Crowther. 20 A remake (Dir. Michael
Winner, 1978), starring Robert Mitcheum and Sarah Miles, attempted to capitalize on Mitchum's success in the 1975 version of Farewell (see above), but is set in England and not considered noir by most critics.